Reading challenges are very common. Around 43% of Malaysian children are lacking basic reading proficiency. Because reading underpins so much of learning, difficulties in this area often ripple outward, affecting writing, spelling, fluency, and comprehension.
When these challenges go unaddressed, students will often find it harder to keep up in class, participate confidently, or demonstrate what they truly understand. Over time, this can take a toll not just on academic performance, but also on a child’s self-esteem.
If your child/student struggles with reading, it’s important to know this: it is not a measure of intelligence. Children struggle for many different reasons, most of which have nothing to do with how smart they are. Understanding why they find reading difficult is the first step toward helping them build the skills—and confidence—they need to succeed.
So let’s discover what may be some of the difficulties your child/student is facing.
Common Issues Causing Reading Difficulties?
1. Lack of Support
Every child’s learning needs are different. Support can include access to engaging reading materials, one-to-one guidance from educators, or additional learning accommodations. When children who need extra help don’t receive it early, they can quickly fall behind—making it harder to catch up later on.
2. Differences in Learning Styles
There is no “one size fits all” approach to learning. Some children learn best visually, others through listening, movement, or hands-on engagement. When our teaching method doesn’t align with a child’s preferred learning style, building core skills—like reading—can become unnecessarily difficult.
3. Learning Disabilities
In some cases, reading difficulties may signal an underlying learning disability. Reading-related challenges are more common than many actually realise; 15–20% of people experience some degree of dyslexia. If a child avoids reading, struggles despite effort, or feels anxious about learning, it may be worth exploring whether he or she may be struggling with a reading disability.
4. Attention Difficulties
Children who struggle to maintain focus often find reading comprehension particularly challenging. Students with attention disorders, such as ADHD, can easily be distracted while reading, miss key details, or struggle to stay engaged long enough to understand what they’ve read.
How to Support a Child/Student Struggling with Reading
Encourage and Celebrate Progress
First things first, Children who struggle with reading often experience frustration and self-doubt, which is why celebrating the small wins really matters! It can be tough, but be patient, and acknowledge effort—not just results. When children feel supported and encouraged, they’re more likely to keep trying, even when things feel hard.
Make Reading a Shared Experience
In actively supporting their reading journey, reading aloud helps a great deal!
Doing this improves pronunciation, rhythm, and confidence. Choose books that match their current reading level—or are just slightly challenging—to avoid unnecessary frustration while still encouraging growth.
Explore Different Types of Reading Materials
Traditional books can feel overwhelming for children who find reading difficult. Try introducing alternative formats that match their interests—graphic novels, comics, magazines, recipe books, or audiobooks. When reading feels enjoyable and accessible, confidence naturally grows.
Build Strong Listening Foundations
Listening and reading go hand in hand. Active listening skills support phonics, fluency, and comprehension. Audiobooks, podcasts, and reading aloud together are excellent ways to build these skills. Asking questions about what your child/student hears helps deepen understanding and encourages critical thinking.
Personalise Support with an Individualised Education Plan (IEPs)
Individual Education Plans provide tailored support through accommodations, modifications, or alternative learning approaches. Working with the parent/teacher to explore an IEP can help set realistic goals and create a clear pathway for progress.
Targeted Reading Support
Targeted reading support can make a meaningful difference. A tutor can help strengthen foundational skills, build confidence, and equip them for the academic demands ahead.
Take Action Early
If you notice signs of reading difficulty, it’s best to act early rather than hope it resolves on its own. The earlier challenges are identified and addressed, the easier it is for children to build momentum and confidence.
The strategies above are a strong starting point—but the most important step is recognising that reading difficulties are solvable, and with the right support, any child can become a capable, confident reader.